At present, China's domestic transport of dangerous goods is more restricted in terms of waterways, railways and airways, and the infrastructure and management mechanisms are not yet perfect. Therefore, most dangerous chemicals are now transported by road. The demand for and volume of road transport of dangerous goods are increasing year by year. According to statistics, in recent years, China's annual road transport of dangerous goods in about 200 million tonnes, of which hundreds of thousands of tonnes of highly toxic cyanide, flammable and explosive oil products up to 100 million tonnes. The rising number of accidents and hazards has brought a non-negligible threat to the safety of the areas through which the dangerous goods pass. According to the Ministry of Public Security, only the first quarter of last year, the country has 102 traffic accidents in the transport of dangerous goods. Thus, the development of road transport of dangerous goods has been the key. According to incomplete statistics, from April 2000 to November 2001, a total of 364 accidents involving dangerous goods occurred in China, of which 126 were transport accidents, accounting for 34.6% of the total number of accidents involving dangerous goods. Among the transport accidents, 61 accidents occurred in the road transport of dangerous goods, accounting for 48% of the total number of accidents in the transport of dangerous goods.
     I. The reasons and its current situation
  (1) The degree of professional division of labour in logistics services is insufficient. At present, dangerous goods transport enterprises in the self-produced self-transport accounted for a considerable proportion of this mode of operation is caused by China's low level of modernisation of dangerous goods logistics enterprises, one of the reasons for the slow development.
   (2) On the one hand, the chemical enterprises entrusted with the transport have insufficient awareness of safety and environmental protection. Most of the enterprises only focus on the safety and environmental protection of the factory area. Think that all the risks of the transport of raw materials and products are borne by the logistics service company. Therefore, the lack of safety requirements and standards for transport. A certain degree of indulgence in the transport of dangerous goods unlicensed operation, unlicensed transport, overloading and overloading. On the other hand, at present, the national management of dangerous goods transport enterprises is gradually strengthened and the entry barrier is raised, resulting in the market demand exceeding supply for a certain period of time. Enterprises take into account the control of logistics costs, often compromising on safety control and requirements.
   (3) The modernisation level of dangerous goods transport enterprises is still low. Most of them are generally small in size, poor risk resistance and low integrity. Backward management, lack of talent, for qualification management, quality and safety systems, standards development, repair and maintenance, on-site supervision, safety and technical training and packaging inspection and other aspects of the management system and its implementation is still very imperfect. Practitioners generally have low quality, insufficient safety awareness and lack of skills. In line with the transport of dangerous goods, handling equipment specialisation is not high, the overall technical condition of the equipment is poor; the lack of a unified technical standards of equipment to ensure safety. Packaging backward, modified tanker trucks can be found everywhere.
   (4) low logistics efficiency, high logistics costs. China's low logistics costs of waterways, railways on dangerous goods transport restrictions, railway transport capacity is seriously insufficient to increase the high cost of road transport of dangerous goods. Dangerous goods production and mainly concentrated in the eastern coastal areas, the central and western and northeastern region is small, while the demand for dispersed, resulting in the transport radius is too large, and its transport radius is often more than the economic radius of road transport (generally within 200km). In addition, China's dangerous goods transport practitioners, professional and technical level and transport equipment conditions vary. In addition, the transport network is not sound enough, and there are many duplicate transports. Transport enterprises also mostly use manual logistics operations, the application of the system is very limited. 2005, according to statistics, China's logistics costs accounted for 16-20% of GDP, while the same period in Europe for 10%, the United States for 8.7%. Moreover, transport costs accounted for 10.2% of GDP.
   (5) multiple management, lack of effectiveness and supervision. Dangerous goods logistics industry at the same time by the public security, transport, quality inspection, environmental protection, health and industry and commerce, taxation, customs and other departments of supervision and management, each department has formulated to promote the industry's relevant regulations and provisions. More management departments make it difficult for enterprises to do what to do.
   (6) the road transport of dangerous goods laws and regulations, unsound, unsystematic. Dangerous goods transport is an important part of the entire road transport of goods, in addition to comply with the common rules and regulations of road transport of goods, but also to comply with a number of special provisions and related laws. Dangerous goods logistics enterprises need to comply with the laws and regulations, national standards and industry standards have been many and unsystematic, it is difficult to fully access and know.
   (7) Backward information technology. Radio frequency technology (RFID), satellite positioning system (GPS), geographic information systems (GIS) and other modern logistics technology in the application of dangerous goods transport enterprises is still very limited. At present only Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang regions of dangerous goods transport vehicles have been mandatory application of GPS system.

Second, the development of countermeasures for the current situation of road transport of dangerous goods in China:
   (1) The establishment of uniform, standardised and targeted industry standards for the road transport of dangerous goods. For example, in Europe, the road transport of dangerous goods is mainly in accordance with the European Agreement on the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods (ADR).
In Europe, the road transport of dangerous goods is mainly in accordance with the European Agreement on the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods (ADR). The ADR is divided into eight parts, agreeing on the general provisions of the Agreement, the classification of dangerous goods, the list of dangerous goods, the packaging regulations, the commissioning procedures, the design of packaging, manufacturing and inspection and testing requirements, the carriage and loading and unloading regulations, the provisions of the transport vehicle and the operating procedures. It is very systematic, standardised and has strong guiding and binding significance.
   (2) Clearly define the management responsibilities of various administrative departments, strengthen supervision to ensure the safety of hazardous chemicals transport. Increase the safety management and remediation of transport links. For non-compliant dangerous goods transport enterprises or individuals should be strengthened penalties, or even cancellation of qualifications.
   (3) Further develop the infrastructure of dangerous goods waterways, railways, wharves, etc., transport operation equipment and dangerous goods regulatory system. Unblock the bottleneck of road dangerous goods transport.
   (4) Further increase the entry barrier, strengthen the assessment system for existing dangerous goods transport enterprises, and take the elimination system for enterprises that do not meet the conditions and cannot meet the standards even after rectification. Further increase the opening of foreign-funded dangerous goods logistics enterprises. Promote domestic dangerous goods transport enterprises to enhance their awareness of competition, upgrade themselves and accelerate the elimination, integration and optimisation of domestic dangerous goods transport enterprises. Encourage dangerous goods logistics enterprises to develop in the direction of large-scale operation, advanced equipment and high management standards.
   (5) Establish a mechanism for updating equipment and technological progress in line with safety, including: formulating advanced safety technology standards for equipment; actively introducing advanced equipment technology; establishing a policy support environment for technological progress; and cultivating and improving the technological level of personnel related to the research and development, production and maintenance of equipment. Accelerate the upgrading and transformation of existing technology and equipment.
   (6) Establish a nationwide information platform for dangerous goods logistics management. The use of radio frequency technology (RFID), satellite positioning system (GPS), geographic information system (GIS) and other modern logistics technologies provides technical support for the tracking, monitoring and management of the transport process of dangerous goods. It also provides technical guarantee for emergency management after an accident. At present, these monitoring networks are independently operated and can only monitor the dangerous goods transport vehicles within the region and the enterprise. From the analysis of accidents that have occurred in the past, it can be seen that, as far as a regional network is concerned, there is a lack of monitoring of vehicles coming in from abroad, whether or not GPS is installed, and once these vehicles have an accident in the region, it is difficult to mobilise emergency departments within the region to deal with it at the first time. Therefore, the realisation of the network between the regional network and the enterprise network, to achieve information connectivity, so that accidents in the first time in the vicinity, local disposal.
   (7) Use information technology to promote logistics modernisation. At present, China's logistics of dangerous goods in all aspects of information technology is low, poor communication of information, resulting in large inventories, waste of capacity, high logistics costs. To this end, the full use of information technology, information technology to achieve "logistics" accurate configuration, so that the flow of goods with the best purpose and economy, the production and circulation process of inventory to a minimum.
   (8) Reasonable planning and design of dangerous goods logistics network. When planning the dangerous goods logistics network, the government should place the enterprises that need to use dangerous goods in a reasonable geographic location, and plan the dangerous goods transport network with the lowest risk from a macroscopic point of view. Dangerous goods logistics enterprises should strengthen the management of dangerous goods logistics operation and choose the optimal dangerous goods transport path and operation mode within the dangerous goods logistics network planned and designed by the government, so as to reduce the cost of the enterprises to the lowest from the point of view of economic efficiency. Minimise the cost of enterprises from the perspective of economic efficiency. Dangerous goods logistics can meet the economic benefits of enterprises and take into account the social benefits.
   (9) Improve and perfect the road emergency rescue system and mechanism for dangerous goods. Establish a professional chemical emergency rescue network and a rapid emergency rescue mechanism. Strengthen training for members of the chemical emergency response and rescue so that they can deal with accidents quickly when they occur, prevent them from expanding, and minimise damage in order to safeguard people's lives and property. Establish a joint mechanism for emergency response with enterprises, and conduct joint training and drills as well as accident rescue.